Ingredients (INCI declaration of the ingredients):

Aqua, Glycerin, Calcium Phosphate, Urea, Magnesium Sulfate, Alcohol, Lactic Acid, Sodium Hyaluronate, Panthenol, Sodium Hydroxide

Further explanations of the ingredients:

Aqua:
Water. It makes up approximately 65% ​​of the weight of the human body and is therefore essential for bodily functions, including those of the skin. In many cosmetic products (aqueous solutions, cleansers, emulsions), water is the ingredient with the largest proportion of the formulation and forms the basis of the aqueous phase in emulsions. Water is a good solvent for polar (hydrophilic) substances such as alcohols, water-soluble vitamins, or salts. For use in cosmetic products, the water used is generally pre-treated to remove microorganisms that could lead to product spoilage or dissolved salts that might impair the stability of emulsions or gels (sterilization and desalination).

Glycerin:
Body-identical, a component of the natural moisturizing factor and lipids/triglycerides. Improves skin hydration, influences the consistency and texture of cosmetic products, and has antimicrobial properties.

Calcium Phosphate:
It is contained in bones and tooth enamel, used as a mineral abrasive in exfoliation.

Urea:
Water-soluble urea is used in numerous cosmetic products. Urea is a component of the natural moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum (content between 7% and 12%; up to half that in chronically dry skin) and has a high water-binding capacity. It contributes to sustained skin hydration and reduces transepidermal water loss. Urea has a keratoplastic effect, and at higher concentrations, a keratolytic effect, and is therefore also used in the care of skin affected by psoriasis or atopic dermatitis (eczema). Furthermore, urea is able to reduce the irritating potential of surfactants.

Magnesium Sulfate:
Epsom salt, stabilizer in W/O formulations

Alcohol:
Ethyl alcohol: Biocompatible. Has a refreshing and antibacterial effect. Also serves as a solvent for other ingredients. Contrary to other claims, there is no risk of a drying effect on the skin at normal concentrations!

Lactic Acid:
Lactic acid. Occurs as a metabolic product in the body and on the skin; in higher concentrations and at a low pH value of 2 to 3, it has an exfoliating effect on the stratum corneum; in buffered form (physiological pH value of the skin approx. 5.5), it supports the moisture content and preserves the skin's acid mantle.

Sodium Hyaluronate:
Sodium salt of hyaluronic acid. A natural moisturizer with skin-smoothing properties, an important natural component of the lower layers of the skin (dermis). Formerly extracted from rooster combs, it is now produced biotechnologically in improved quality.

Panthenol:
D-Panthenol (Provitamin B5): Improves and increases the skin's moisture retention, has an anti-inflammatory effect, and soothes or inhibits itching. It stimulates epithelialization, allowing minor wounds (such as shaving), abrasions, and blisters to heal more quickly. It also promotes skin regeneration and combats cracked and brittle skin. When used in hair care products, it is not only deposited on the hair and scalp but also penetrates them, providing long-lasting effects. Since pantothenic acid is an important component of healthy hair, scientific studies have shown that its precursor, D-Panthenol, acts as "food for the hair." It provides long-lasting moisture, improves manageability, reduces split ends, improves the condition of damaged hair, thickens hair, and adds shine. It also reduces fingernail brittleness.

Sodium Hydroxide:
Sodium hydroxide. Used to adjust the pH of cosmetic products. Sodium and hydroxide ions are identical to those found in the body.